Some dogs seem to start scratching right as summer turns to fall. Others lick their paws for hours or chew at their sides. Occasional scratching is normal, but persistent itching is uncomfortable for your dog and can lead to irritated, broken skin. Many different things can cause it, which is why a visit with your veterinarian is the best way to find out what is going on.
Common causes of itching
Itchy skin can have several sources, and more than one can be present at the same time. Your veterinarian may consider:
- Fleas and other parasites, which can cause intense itching even when you do not see them
- Environmental allergies, which may be triggered by pollens, molds, dust mites or other substances and can be seasonal or year-round
- Food-related allergies or sensitivities, which a vet may investigate with a carefully supervised diet trial
- Skin infections caused by bacteria or yeast, which can start on their own or follow scratching
- Contact irritation from certain plants, cleaning products or materials
- Dry skin from frequent bathing or changes in indoor air
Because these causes can look similar, guessing at home can delay the right treatment.
Signs worth noting
Watch where and how your dog itches. Keep track of:
- Scratching, licking, chewing or rubbing the face on furniture
- Red, bumpy or flaky skin
- Hair loss or thinning patches
- Odor, greasy skin or discharge
- Head shaking or scratching at the ears
- Licking or chewing the paws, sometimes with reddish-brown staining on light fur
Note when the itching started, whether it seems worse in certain seasons and whether anything changed recently, such as a new food, shampoo or bed. Photos can help.
What your vet may do
Your veterinarian will likely examine the skin and ears and ask about parasite prevention, diet and the pattern of symptoms. Depending on what they find, they may recommend tests such as skin scrapings or samples to look for infection or parasites. They will talk with you about treatment options and next steps. Allergies in particular are often managed rather than cured, and a plan may involve several approaches over time.
Supporting comfort at home
While you work with your vet, a few general habits may help:
- Keep up with the parasite prevention your veterinarian recommends.
- Wipe your dog’s paws and belly after walks during heavy pollen seasons, if your vet suggests it.
- Wash bedding regularly.
- Check skin under collars and harnesses, where rubbing can add to irritation.
- Avoid using human creams or medications unless your veterinarian approves them.
When to call sooner
Contact your veterinarian promptly if your dog has open sores, swelling of the face, hives, intense itching that keeps it from sleeping or signs of feeling unwell. Itching is common, but it should never be ignored.
