Spring bulbs and flowering shrubs are some of the season’s great pleasures. A number of them, though, can make dogs sick if chewed or eaten. Dogs who dig, puppies who explore with their mouths and dogs who like to munch on plants are most at risk. Knowing which plants are concerning helps you plan your garden and keep a closer eye on your dog.
Tulips and hyacinths
Tulips and hyacinths contain compounds that can irritate the mouth and digestive tract. The bulbs carry the highest concentration, which is why dogs who dig up freshly planted or stored bulbs are at greater risk than those who nibble a leaf. Signs can include drooling, vomiting and diarrhea. Eating a large amount of bulb material can cause more serious problems. Store bulbs out of reach and watch dogs who like to dig in garden beds.
Daffodils
Daffodils contain lycorine and other alkaloids that can cause vomiting, diarrhea, drooling and abdominal pain. More severe effects are possible, especially if a dog eats the bulb. Cut daffodils are a common sight indoors in early spring, so keep arrangements where curious dogs cannot pull them down and chew the stems.
Azaleas and rhododendrons
These popular flowering shrubs contain grayanotoxins, which can affect the digestive system, nervous system and heart. Even a small amount of leaves can cause drooling, vomiting and diarrhea, and larger amounts can lead to weakness and more serious signs. If you have these shrubs, consider fencing them off or supervising your dog closely in the yard.
Sago palm
The sago palm is grown outdoors in warm climates and often kept as a houseplant elsewhere. It is one of the most dangerous plants for dogs. All parts are toxic, and the seeds are especially so. Sago palm poisoning can cause vomiting, diarrhea, and severe liver damage, and it can be fatal. If you have a sago palm, the safest choice is to keep it entirely out of your dog’s reach or not keep one at all.
Other plants worth knowing
- Lily of the valley contains compounds that can affect the heart.
- Crocus: spring-blooming crocuses can cause stomach upset, while the autumn crocus is a different and far more dangerous plant.
- Foxglove also contains heart-affecting compounds.
- True lilies are mainly a danger to cats, which matters in homes with both.
The ASPCA maintains a searchable list of toxic and non-toxic plants at aspca.org, which is handy when you are planning a garden.
If your dog eats any part of a plant you are unsure about, call your veterinarian, an emergency clinic or an animal poison control service right away, even if your dog seems fine. Some toxins cause delayed effects. Take a photo of the plant or bring a sample so it can be identified. Do not try to make your dog vomit unless a veterinary professional tells you to.
